COVID-19 WORKSHEET
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STUDENTS’ WORK SHEET
CORONA VIRUS ( COVID-19)
THE INSTRUCTIONS
:
1. Learn various
information about Viruses and Corona Viruses from various sources that you can access from various media.
2. This
material in this worksheet is only one alternative learning source
3. Complete
the tasks given in the worksheet
4. For
assignments in the form of design products, collected during the Learning
Process through face-to-face re-starting to be active (the product is
photographed in advance and sent via social media that you can publish in your
own blog.
5. The
assignment is submitted no later than March 21, 2020
INTERNATIONAL PROTOCOL TO RESPONSE
COVID-19
(Sources : World Health Organization)
The Global Response & Next Steps
1. The COVID-19 virus is a new pathogen that is
highly contagious, can spread quickly, and must be considered capable of
causing enormous health, economic and societal impacts in any setting. It is
not SARS and it is not influenza. Building scenarios and strategies only on the
basis of well-known pathogens risks failing to exploit all possible measures to
slow transmission of the COVID-19 virus, reduce disease and save lives.
COVID-19 is not SARS and it is not
influenza. It is a new virus with its own characteristics. For example,
COVID-19 transmission in children appears to be limited compared with
influenza, while the clinical picture differs from SARS. Such differences,
while based on limited data, may be playing a role in the apparent efficacy of
rigorously 19 applied non-pharmaceutical, public health measures to interrupt
chains of human-tohuman transmission in a range of settings in China. The
COVID-19 virus is unique among human coronaviruses in its combination of high
transmissibility, substantial fatal outcomes in some high-risk groups, and
ability to cause huge societal and economic disruption. For planning purposes,
it must be assumed that the global population is susceptible to this virus. As
the animal origin of the COVID-19 virus is unknown at present, the risk of
reintroduction into previously infected areas must be constantly considered.
The novel nature, and our continuously evolving understanding, of this
coronavirus demands a tremendous agility in our capacity to rapidly adapt and
change our readiness and response planning as has been done continually in
China. This is an extraordinary feat for a country of 1.4 billion people.
2. China’s uncompromising and rigorous use of
non-pharmaceutical measures to contain transmission of the COVID-19 virus in
multiple settings provides vital lessons for the global response. This rather
unique and unprecedented public health response in China reversed the
escalating cases in both Hubei, where there has been widespread community transmission,
and in the importation provinces, where family clusters appear to have driven
the outbreak.
Although the timing of the outbreak
in China has been relatively similar across the country, transmission chains
were established in a wide diversity of settings, from megacities in the north
and south of the country, to remote communities. However, the rapid adaptation
and tailoring of China’s strategy demonstrated that containment can be adapted
and successfully operationalized in a wide range of settings. China’s
experience strongly supports the efficacy and effectiveness of anchoring
COVID19 readiness and rapid response plans in a thorough assessment of local
risks and of utilizing a differentiated risk-based containment strategy to
manage the outbreak in areas with no cases vs. sporadic cases vs. clusters of
cases vs. community-level transmission. Such a strategy is essential for
ensuring a sustainable approach while minimizing the socio-economic impact.
3. Much of the global community is not yet
ready, in mindset and materially, to implement the measures that have been
employed to contain COVID-19 in China. These are the only measures that are
currently proven to interrupt or minimize transmission chains in humans.
Fundamental to these measures is extremely proactive surveillance to
immediately detect cases, very rapid diagnosis and immediate case isolation,
rigorous tracking and quarantine of close contacts, and an exceptionally high
degree of population understanding and acceptance of these measures.
Achieving the high quality of
implementation needed to be successful with such measures requires an unusual
and unprecedented speed of decision-making by top leaders, operational
thoroughness by public health systems, and engagement of society. 20 Given the
damage that can be caused by uncontrolled, community-level transmission of this
virus, such an approach is warranted to save lives and to gain the weeks and
months needed for the testing of therapeutics and vaccine development.
Furthermore, as the majority of new cases outside of China are currently
occurring in high and middleincome countries, a rigorous commitment to slowing
transmission in such settings with non-pharmaceutical measures is vital to
achieving a second line of defense to protect low income countries that have
weaker health systems and coping capacities. The time that can be gained through
the full application of these measures – even if just days or weeks – can be
invaluable in ultimately reducing COVID-19 illness and deaths. This is apparent
in the huge increase in knowledge, approaches and even tools that has taken
place in just the 7 weeks since this virus was discovered through the rapid
scientific work that has been done in China.
4. The time gained by rigorously applying
COVID-19 containment measures must be used more effectively to urgently enhance
global readiness and rapidly develop the specific tools that are needed to
ultimately stop this virus.
COVID-19 is spreading with
astonishing speed; COVID-19 outbreaks in any setting have very serious
consequences; and there is now strong evidence that non-pharmaceutical
interventions can reduce and even interrupt transmission. Concerningly, global
and national preparedness planning is often ambivalent about such
interventions. However, to reduce COVID-19 illness and death, near-term
readiness planning must embrace the large-scale implementation of high-quality,
non-pharmaceutical public health measures. These measures must fully
incorporate immediate case detection and isolation, rigorous close contact
tracing and monitoring/quarantine, and direct population/community engagement.
A huge array of COVID-19 studies, scientific research projects and product
R&D efforts are ongoing in China and globally. This is essential and to be
encouraged and supported. However, such a large number of projects and products
needs to be prioritized. Without prioritizing, this risks compromising the
concentration of attention and resources and collaboration required to cut
timelines by precious weeks and months. While progress has been made, the
urgency of the COVID-19 situation supports an even more ruthless prioritization
of research in the areas of diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines. Similarly,
there is a long list of proposed studies on the origins of COVID-19, the
natural history of the disease, and the virus’s transmission dynamics. However,
the urgency of responding to cases and saving lives makes it difficult for
policy makers to consider and act on such comprehensive lists. This can be
addressed by balancing studies with the immediate public health and clinical
needs of the response. Studies can be prioritized in terms of the largest
knowledge gaps that can be most rapidly addressed to have greatest immediate
impact on response operations and patient management. This suggests
prioritizing studies to identify risk factors for transmission in households,
institutions and the community; convenience sampling for this virus in the
population using existing surveillance systems; age-stratified
sero-epidemiologic surveys; the analysis of clinical case series; and cluster
investigations.
For countries with imported cases and/or outbreaks of
COVID-19
1. Immediately activate the highest level of
national Response Management protocols to ensure the all-of-government and
all-of-society approach needed to contain COVID-19 with non-pharmaceutical
public health measures;
2. Prioritize active, exhaustive case finding
and immediate testing and isolation, painstaking contact tracing and rigorous
quarantine of close contacts;
3. Fully educate the general public on the
seriousness of COVID-19 and their role in preventing its spread;
4. Immediately expand surveillance to detect
COVID-19 transmission chains, by testing all patients with atypical pneumonias,
conducting screening in some patients with upper respiratory illnesses and/or
recent COVID-19 exposure, and adding testing for the COVID-19 virus to existing
surveillance systems (e.g. systems for influenza-like-illness and SARI); and 22
5. Conduct multi-sector scenario planning and
simulations for the deployment of even more stringent measures to interrupt
transmission chains as needed (e.g. the suspension of large-scale gatherings
and the closure of schools and workplaces).
For uninfected countries
1. Prepare to immediately activate the highest
level of emergency response mechanisms to trigger the all-of-government and
all-of society approach that is essential for early containment of a COVID-19
outbreak;
2. Rapidly test national preparedness plans in
light of new knowledge on the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical measures
against COVID-19; incorporate rapid detection, largescale case isolation and
respiratory support capacities, and rigorous contact tracing and management in
national COVID-19 readiness and response plans and capacities;
3. Immediately enhance surveillance for
COVID-19 as rapid detection is crucial to containing spread; consider testing
all patients with atypical pneumonia for the COVID-19 virus, and adding testing
for the virus to existing influenza surveillance systems;
4. Begin now to enforce rigorous application of
infection prevention and control measures in all healthcare facilities,
especially in emergency departments and outpatient clinics, as this is where
COVID-19 will enter the health system; and
5. Rapidly assess the general population’s
understanding of COVID-19, adjust national health promotion materials and
activities accordingly, and engage clinical champions to communicate with the
media.
For the public
1. Recognize that COVID-19 is a new and
concerning disease, but that outbreaks can managed with the right response and
that the vast majority of infected people will recover;
2. Begin now to adopt and rigorously practice
the most important preventive measures for COVID-19 by frequent hand washing
and always covering your mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing;
3. Continually update yourself on COVID-19 and its
signs and symptoms (i.e. fever and dry cough), because the strategies and
response activities will constantly improve as new information on this disease
is accumulating every day; and
4. Be prepared to actively support a response to
COVID-19 in a variety of ways, including the adoption of more stringent ‘social
distancing’ practices and helping the high-risk elderly population. 23
For the international community
1. Recognize that true solidarity and
collaboration is essential between nations to tackle the common threat that
COVID-19 represents and operationalize this principle;
2. Rapidly share information as required under
the International Health Regulations (IHR) including detailed information about
imported cases to facilitate contact tracing and inform containment measures
that span countries;
3. Recognize the rapidly changing risk profile
of COVID-19 affected countries and continually monitor outbreak trends and
control capacities to reassess any ‘additional health measures’ that
significantly interfere with international travel and trade.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES :
1. Read the article
above on :INTERNATIONAL PROTOCOL TO RESPONSE COVID-19 and understand the Corona virus is.
2. Find out for various resources about Corona Virus to
comprehend what it is about.
3. Viruses have
several types, in general it has characteristics, classification and diseases
that can be caused specifically. Analyze virus characteristics based on:
a. Characteristics of
viruses
non cellular,consisting mainly of a nucleid acid surrounded
by a protein envelope called capsid.
b. Virus form
oval,filament,polihedral
c. Virus structure
Capsid,envelope,nucleid
acid
d. How the virus cycle
life is
Viral entry,viral
replication,viral shedding,viral latency
e. Propagation of the
virus
Viruses are organism that need to infect a host cell in order
to reproduce. The new viruses leave the infected cell and look for other
susceptible cells to infect.
f. Virus
Classification
Viruses are classified into four groups based on shape, they
are filamentous,isometric/icosahedral,enveloped, and head and tail.
g. Diseases caused by
viruses
ebola
virus,rabies,HIV,smallpox,hantavirus,influenza
4. Corona virus is a
type of virus that can cause disease and it is epidemic. Evaluate based on
various learning resources related to:
a. Background epidemic
corona virus,
Corona virus or
known as Covid-19 is a respiratory disease that was first detected in a seafood
market,Wuhan,China.
b. symptoms of being
infected with the corona virus,
runny nose,sore
throat,cough,fever,difficulty breathing
c. how Corona Virus spread
It spread via respiratory dropplets
ptoduced when an infected person coughs or sneezes
d. prevention of
corona virus outbreaks
wash your hands
freguently,cover your mouth and nose with a tissue,avoid close contacts with
people who have symptoms of coronavirus
e. How to handle it
Do laboratory check
if you feel the symptoms,stay at home and isolate yourself from other people,
go to hospital
5. After studying and
investigating "Corona Virus
Handling Protocol" from alternative material or other sources :
a. Design simple
information media about the stages of implementing the Corona virus handling
protocol in written media. (Done in Separate Sheet).
b. How to respond
wisely when there is stigma in the community about the corona virus?
Check the truth
about the stigma, don’t share the stigma if you’re not sure yet, correct people
that have a wrong idea about coronavirus.
6. After the material on Healthy Living, design simple
information media about how to implement a healthy way of life. (Done on a
separate sheet). Information media material includes:
a. Maintain personal
hygiene
b. Keep the
environment clean
c. How to maintain
healthy life
d. Safe and healthy
exercises
7. After observing and
learning about the Corona virus and the spread of information in various media
that is not necessarily clear or true. If you are a Covid-19 Information Agent,
explain how to socialize wisely in the community so that the actions and
information conveyed when socializing helps to prevent the spread of disease outbreaks caused
by the Corona virus.
- Basically, Corona virus is a
respiratory disease that was first detected in Wuhan,China. Corona Virus can
spread through an infected person’s cough or sneeze. What we have to to prevent
from the virus are wash our hands frequently,use a mask if youre sick,cover
your mouth and nose when cough or sneeze with a tissue and don’t forget to
throw it in a trash, and stay at home. The symptoms of this virus are
fever,sore throat,cough,short breath. If you feel those symptoms make sure to
do a laboratory check and go to hospital. Then the most important thing is
don’t trust hoax news. If you get a news be sure to check if its true or not.
And the last but not least, don’t panic because our government has provide
hospital and medical personel that will treat the sick person.
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